HORTATORY EXPOSITION

Subject                      : Case / issue in our surrounding
Communicative purpose : To persuade readers/listeners that
                                   something should or should not
                                   be the case
Generic Structure         :
1. Thesis : Pengenalan masalah berupa peryataan pendapat
2. Argument : Alasan-alasan dan penjelasannya
3. Recommendation : Anjuran (seharusnya/tidak seharusnya
                              dilakukan)

Smoking in a restaurant does not only give the bad impact to the active smokers but also  the passive ones.

Smoking in a restaurant is impolite. The smell of the smoke affects all people and can turn them off their food. People pay to taste good food and not to be put off by foul-smelling smoke.

Besides, smoking harm the others especially passive smokers, that is, breathing in smoke made by a smoker, can lead to asthma attacks and even cancer.

Finally, smoking is dangerous and a health risk to the smoker. Cigarettes cause heart and lung disease and people do not smoke anywhere, not just in restaurants.

Regarding to the bad impacts, smoking must not be allowed in any restaurants.






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1. The communicative purpose of the text is to…

    A. explain how the smoking can be dangerous

    B. retell about some positive effects of smoking

    C. persuade  readers with the smoking risk

    D. describe how the smoking is not allowed

    E. persuade readers that smoking must be banned

2. Smoking in a restaurant is impolite. (paragraph 2). 

    The synonym of the underlined word is…

    A.Rude                                D. Sensitive

    B. Polite                               E. Kind

    C. Delicate

3. The statements below are true based on the text, except…

    A. Smoking is dangerous               

    B. Smoking makes us better           

    C. Smoking is unhealthy for the smoker

    D. Smoking must not be allowed

    E. Smoking harms to the others

4. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?

    A. Smoking in a restaurant is rude to do

    B. Passive smoking is made by a smoker

    C. Cigarettes cause heart and lung disease

    D. Smoking in restaurants must not be allowed

    E. The smell of the smoke affects all people

SPOOF

Subject                          : Funny story

Communicative purpose : To retell an event with humorous twist

Generic structure:

1. Orientation : Pengenalan tokoh, setting waktu dan tempat

2. Event : Peristiwa yang terjadi

3. Twist : Plesetan yg lucu

Jimmy lived in the country, and he loved playing in a very shallow river near his house. It was no longer. When his father got a job in a big city, he moved to the city with his family.

Their new house has a garden, but the garden was very small. Jimmy was not very happy.

“Is there a river near here, Mom?” he asked his mother on the first morning.

His mother answered, “No, there isn’t, but there’s a beautiful park near here, Jimmy, and there’s a pool in it. We will go there this afternoon.”

Then Jimmy was happy.

After lunch, Jimmy and his mother went to the park. Jimmy wanted to walk near the pool, but there was a sign in front of him. His mother read it to him: “WARNING. The pool is dangerous, 367 people have fallen into the pool. “Jimmy looked into the pool carefully.

Then he said, “I can’t see them, Mom.”

                                      (Elementary from E.A in American English)

  1.What is the communicative purpose of the text?

     A. To amuse readers with Jimmy’s experience

     B.  To persuade readers to be a good boy

     C. To retell an event for the purpose of informing 

     D. To retell an event with humorous twist

     E. To describe how naughty the boy is

2. Why was Jimmy so sad in his new house? Because ….

    A. his father got a job in a big city

    B. he moved to city with his family

    C. he didn’t find a place to play like what he did before

    D. his mother asked him to the river near their house

    E. he and his mother went to a beautiful park

3. How was the feeling of Jimmy after hearing that his mother would 
    take him to a beautiful park?

   A. Delighted

   B. Miserable

   C. Angry

   D. Awful

   E. Upset

4.….he loved playing in a very shallow river near his house? 
   The antonym of shallow is ….

  A. Distant

  B. Deep

  C. Long

  D. Short

  E. Far

REVIEW

Subject                            : Art work (movie, TV show, play, exhibition,etc)
                                         Hasil seni (film, TV, permainan/drama, pameran,
                                         dsb)
Communicative purpose : To critique an art work or event for a public
                                         audience
                                         (Mengkritik hasil seni atau suatu peristiwa
                                         pada penonton/pendengar umum)
Generic structure          
1. Orientation                  :  Pengenalan unsur-unsur suatu hasil seni, yang
                                          biasanya dibandingkan dengan hasil seni yang lain
2. Evaluation                   : memberikan evaluasi dari hasil/tampilan/produksi
3. Interpretative Recount : Rangkuman  alur  / laporan hasil seni yang telah
                                         dilihat / dibaca / didengar
3. Evaluate Summation   : Kesimpulan terakhir dan membuat rekomendasi
                                         tentang bagaimana seharusnya orang memandang
                                         hasil seni
     

Harry Potter and the Chamber of secrets BY J.K Rowling

The book takes place in modern times, in England. The main character is Harry Potter. Harry Potter is a wizard. He goes to school for witches and wizards, called Hogwarts.

It is Harry’s second years a Hogwarts and his two best friends, Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley are having a great time learning magic. There is a new professor, Gilderoy Lockhart who all the witches are crazy about. Professor Lockhart keeps napping Harry, because the professor thinks that Harry tries to get attention to be famous! While all the witches at school love new professor, all of the wizards think that he is a big joke.

After a month of school at Hogwarts, strange attacks begin to happen. First, the caretaker’s cat, Mrs. Norris, has been found, not died, but petrified not only was Filch’s cat attacked, but some of the Muggle-born students at Hogwarts have been found petrified, also. Naturally, all of the students are frightened at this, but they become even more scared when the next victim to be found petrified is Gryffindor ghost, Nearly Headless Nick.

What kind of monster is powerful enough to kill someone who is already dead? Who will be the next victim of the monster at Hogwart? Will the victims ever be revived? To find out you must read Harry Potter and Chamber of Secrets! I have to say that the story was bright, fast paced, intriguing, and ultimately satisfying.

I like this book because it kept me wanting to read the next page, and the next, and so on.  The book is definitely a page turner. I recommend this book to nine years old and over. 
  1.  What happened after thirty days school at Hogwart?

           A. Strange attacks from Mrs. Noris

           B. Strange attacks from Gryffindor ghost

           C. Strange attacks from Filch’s cat

           D. The students were brave to face the next victim

           E.  Harry Potter becomes the brave boy

     2.  What is the communicative purpose of the text?

          A. to entertain readers with a story of Harry Potter

          B. to persuade readers that magician is a great thing

          C. to present two points of view about Harry Potter book

          D. to critique the book of Harry Potter

          E. to retell events experienced by Harry Potter 

    3. ...but they become even more scared when the next victim….

          (paragraph 3).The antonym of the underlined word is…

          A. brave

          B. weak

          C. afraid

          D. down

          E.  pleased 

     4. Which of the following statements is correct based on the text? 

         A. Harry Potter is has a best friend only

         B. Professor Lockhart likes Harry Potter

         C. The students are relax to see the victims

         D. Some strange events happened because of Harry’s friend

         E. Monster attacking Hogwart is strong to attack its victims

    5.  Harry tries to get attention to be famous! The synonym of the 
         underlined word is…
        A. fashionable
        B. up to date
        C. well-known
        D. unfamiliar
        E. box office

RECOUNT

Communicative purpose: To retell an experience in the past (menceritakan kembali suatu pengalaman di waktu lalu)

Subject : Experience (pengalaman)

Generic structure: 
1. Orientation : pengenalan cerita (tempat, waktu, peristiwa awal)

2. Event : Peristiwa-peritiwa yg dilalui (Event 1, Event 2 dsb)
3. Re-orientation: kesimpulan akibat perjalanan peristiwa   

Contoh Soal Recount

Choose the best answer by crossing a, b, c, d, or e!

Text 1  is for number 1 to 4

Mr. Richard’s family was on vacation. They were Mr. and Mrs. Richard with two sons. They went to London. They saw their travel agent and booked their tickets. They went to the British Embassy to get visas to enter Britain. They had booked fourteen days tour. This included travel and accommodation. They also included tours around London.

They boarded a large Boeing flight. The flight was nearly fourteen hours. On the plane the cabin crews were very friendly. They gave them news paper and magazine to read. They gave them food and drink. There was a film for their entertainment. They had a very pleasant flight. They slept part of the way.

On arrival at Heathrow Airport, they had to go to Customs and Immigration. The officers were pleasant. They checked the document carefully but their manners were very polite. Mr. Richard and his family collected their bags and went to London Welcome Desk. They arranged the transfer to a hotel.

The hotel was a well-known four-star hotel. The room had perfect view of the park. The room had its own bathroom and toilet. Instead of keys for the room, they inserted a key-card to open the door. On the third floor, there was a restaurant serving Asian and European food. They had variety of food.

The two-week vacation in London went by fast. At the end of the 14th-day, they were quite tired but they felt very happy.

1. What does the text tell us about? 
A. Holiday to London
B. Visit to British Embassy
C.  Travel to Heathrow Airport
D.  Experience at four- star hotel
E.  Days at Asian and Europian restaurant

2. The following facts are about the hotel, Except:
A. The room had perfect view of the park
B. The room had its own  bathroom and toilet 
C. The room  needed a key-card to open its door
D. There was a restaurant serving Asian food in each room
E. The restaurant served various kinds of European food

3. Why did Mr. Richard’s family go to the British Embassy?
A. To obtain their visas
B. To meet the officers
C. To see the travel agent
D. To book their tickets
E. To get their vacation's schedule

4. On the plane, they got.......except
A. magazine
B. food
C. drink
D. newspaper
E. key-card 
    
5.  The hotel was a well-known four-star hotel. (Paragraph 4)
     The underlined word can be replaced by the words below, except:....
A. Popular
B. Famous
C. Outstanding
D. Familiar
E. Contaminated

NARRATIVE

Narrative  

Subject : Fiction: fairytale, myth, folktale, fable, etc. (cerita fiksi: 
                Dongeng, Mitos, Cerita rakyat, cerita binatang,dsb) 

Communicative Purpose: To amuse or entertain reader 
                (menghibur pembaca)

Generic structure: 

1. Orientation: Introducing participant/character, setting of time,  
                        setting  of place (memperkenalkan tokoh, setting 
                        waktu/tempat)

2. Complication: conflict appearing (masalah yg muncul)

3. Resolution: Ending of conflict (pemecahan masalah, akhir masalah)

4. Re-orientation: conclusion in the form of moral value. 
    Re-orientation is optional. It depends on the writer whether he/she
    will add it at the end or not, like the text below ended by resolution. 
    No re-orientation found here.

   (Kesimpulan dalam bentuk pesan moral.  Re-orientation bersifat 
    pilihan. Ini tergantung pada penulisnya .  Seperti contoh teks berikut
    ini yg hanya diakhiri dengan resolution. Tidak ada Re-orientation  
    dalam teks ini) 

 Choose the best answer by crossing (x) a, b, c, d, or e!  
Text 1

A long time ago, in a small village near the beach in West Sumatra, a woman and her son lived. They were Malin Kundang and her mother. Her mother was a single parent because Malin Kundang's father had passed away when he was a baby. Malin Kundang had to live hard with his mother.

Malin Kundang was a healthy, diligent, and strong boy. He usually went to sea to catch fish. After getting fish he would bring it to his mother, or sold the caught fish in the town.

One day, when Malin Kundang was sailing, he saw a merchant's ship which was being raided by a small band of pirates. He helped the merchant. With his brave and power, Malin Kundang defeated the pirates. The merchant was so happy and thanked to him. In return the merchant asked Malin Kundang to sail with him. To get a better life, Malin Kundang agreed. He left his mother alone.

Many years later, Malin Kundang became wealthy. He had a huge ship and was helped by many ship crews loading trading goods. Perfectly he had a beautiful wife too. When he was sailing his trading journey, his ship landed on a beach near a small village. The villagers recognized him. The news ran fast in the town; “Malin Kundang has become rich and now he is here”.

An old woman ran to the beach to meet the new rich merchant. She was Malin Kundang’s mother. She wanted to hug him, released her sadness of being lonely after so long time. Unfortunately, when the mother came, Malin Kundang who was in front of his well dressed wife and his ship crews denied meeting that old lonely woman. For three times her mother begged Malin Kundang and for three times he yelled at her. At last Malin Kundang said to her "Enough, old woman! I have never had a mother like you, a dirty and ugly woman!" After that he ordered his crews to set sail. He would leave the old mother again but in that time she was full of both sadness and angriness.

Finally, enraged, she cursed Malin Kundang that he would turn into a stone if he didn't apologize. Malin Kundang just laughed and really set sail.
In the quiet sea, suddenly a thunderstorm came. His huge ship was wrecked and it was too late for Malin Kundang to apologize. He was thrown by the wave out of his ship. He fell on a small island. It was really too late for him to avoid his curse. Suddenly, he turned into a stone.

1. What does the writer aim to write the text?
   A. To inform reader about Malin kundang
   B.  To entertain reader with Malin Kundang Story
   C.  To describe about Malin Kundang
   D. To discuss about Malin Kundang’s habit
   E.  To explain about Malin Kundang’s mother
2. Why didn’t Malin Kundang want to meet his mother?
    A. Because he was very busy
    B. Because he was heartsick
    C. Because he was angry with his wife
    D. Because his mother was very rich woman
    E. Because he was ashamed having a poor mother
3. What can we learn from the story? 
    A. Don’t be a rich man
    B.  Be respectful to our parents
    C.  Richness is the main purpose of life
    D.  Don’t go anywhere without your parents
    E.  Wealth can make us always survive
4. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
    A. Malin Kundang’s mother forgave him
    B.  Malin Kundang didn’t forgive his mother
    C.  Malin Kundang cursed his mother
    D.  Malin Kundang became a stone
    E.   Malin Kundang was still alive   
5. Finally, enraged, she cursed Malin Kundang that he would turn 
    into a stone if he didn't apologize. Malin Kundang just laughed 
    and really set sail. The synonym of the underlined word is....
   A. Early 
   B.  Eventually
   C.  Formerly
   D.  Previously
   E.  Intermediately

Text 2

One day when a rabbit was walking in the forest, he heard someone crying out, “Help! Help! Help me, please!”  He looked around and finally he saw a wolf. A great stone had fallen on his back, so he couldn’t get up. The wolf asked the rabbit’s help and he said he would die if nobody helped him.

            The rabbit worked very hard and finally he managed to get the big stone off the wolf’s back. However, instead of saying thank you, the wolf jumped up and caught the rabbit in this mouth. The rabbit cried and asked for the mercy but the wolf insisted on killing him for his meal.

            Then the rabbit said, “No good person kills someone who has helped him. It is not fair. You can ask the duck, who is very fat and knows everything.”

            Therefore both of them went to the duck. He listened to their story and he said, “Show me the stone, I want to know how the story happened.” Then, they all together went to the stone.”

            “Now, let me be sure about this, said the duck. “ Put the stone on the wolf’ back exactly as it was when you found him. “So the wolf lay down and with much effort the rabbit put the stone on his back again.

            “Well, what do you think?” the wolf asked the duck. The duck thought for a moment. Then he said, “I think you were wrong to be cruel to the rabbit, who had helped you. Now wait and see until someone else will help you!” And the duck and rabbit left the wolf in the sorry state in which the rabbit had come upon him. They laughed at the wolf although he asked for help. “Help! Help! Help me, please!”

1. What is the text about?              

A. A forest life

B. Wild animals

C. The rabbit and the wolf

D.  Food chain in ecosystem

E.  How the wolf was trapped

2.   The rabbit cried and asked for the mercy …. (par. 2).        What does the underlined word mean?

       A. time

B. sorry

C. reason

D. sadness

E. kindness 

3.   What did the rabbit do to the wolf?

A. He forgave the wolf

B. He wanted to eat the wolf

C. He lifted the stone on the wolf’s back

D. He helped the wolf meet the duck

E. He trapped the wolf in the forest

4.   What do we learn from the text?

A. Don't ever help a wolf

B. Go to a wise duck for an advice

C. Run away when we meet a wolf

D. We must thank the favor done for us

E. We need to lift the stones on the street

DISCUSSION

Subject                         : Case / issue in our surrounding 
                                      (masalah / kasus di lingkuangan kita)
Communicative Purpose: To present (at least) two points of view
                                       about an issue.
                                       (Content : Pro and Contra about an issue)
                                       Menyajikan setidaknya 2 sudut pandang 
                                       suatu masalah / kasus. (isi: pro dan kontra 
                                       tentang suatu masalah)
Generic Structure          :
1. Issue : mengenalkan maslah
2. Argument : Pendapat/ alasan dalam 2 versi (pro dan kontra)
3. Conclusion / recommendation : kesimpulan / anjuran tentang 
                                                  pendapat/yang telah dikaji 

            Nuclear power is generated by using uranium which is a metal mined in various part of the world. The first large scale of nuclear power station was opened at Calder Hall in Cumbria, England in 1956.
            Some military ships and submarines have nuclear power plant for engine. Nuclear power produces around 11% of the world's energy needed, and produces huge amounts of energy. It cause no pollution as we would get when burning fossil fuels. The advantages of nuclear plant are as follow:

•  It costs about the same coal, so it is not expensive to make.
•  It does not produce smoke or carbon dioxide, so it does not contribute to the greenhouse effect.
•  It produces huge amounts of energy from small amount of uranium.
•  It produces small amount of waste.
•  It is reliable.

             On the other hand, nuclear power is very, very dangerous. It must be sealed up and buried for many years to allow the radioactivity to die away. Furthermore, although it is reliable, a lot of money has to be spent on safety because if it does go wrong, a nuclear accident can be a major accident.
             People are increasingly concerned about this matter. In the 1990's nuclear power was the fastest growing source of power in many parts of the world

1. The text tells us about....

    A. Danger of nuclear power energy

    B. Benefit of nuclear power energy
    C. Safest source of energy, Nuclear  

    D. Opening of nuclear power station in Cumbria

    E. Controversies around nuclear power station

2. The following are the advantages of Nuclear Power except ….

    A. It is reliable.

    B. It produces small amount of waste

    C. It does not produce smoke or carbon dioxide
    D. It costs about the same coal, so it is not expensive to make. 

    E. It produces small amounts of energy from small amount 
         of uranium.
3. It must be sealed up and buried for many years to allow the 
    radioactivity to die away (Paragraph 3). 
    The synonym of the underlined word is....

    A. let
    B. run 

    C. ban

    D. forbid

    E. delete  
4. The  purpose of the text is....
    A. To persuade readers about nuclear power
    B. To describe how nuclear power energy is
    C. To explain the process of nuclear power
    D. To present two points of view about nuclear power
    E.  To inform readers about the benefit of nuclear energy

DESCRIPTIVE

Subject                          : Place, things, person in specific description
Communicative Purpose : To describe place, things or person
Generic structure:
1. Identification : Pengenalan subject
2. Description   : ciri-ciri khusus yg dimiliki subject

Text 1
          Bandung is a capital city of West Java province in Indonesia. It has wide about 16.767 hectares. It is at 768 meters above the sea surface. Bandung is around by mountain range so Bandung is basin area. The astronomical location of Bandung is 107⁰ BT and 6⁰  55’ LS.

The birthday of Bandung is September 25^th. Bandung has 26 districts with density 14.973,06 / km² and habitant total is 2.510.982 persons (2004). And the phone code is 022.

It has many beautiful places, culinary places until shopping places. Many people like to go shopping here, even people fro far place. Because of Bandung is the king of mode. Several of shopping places in Bandung, likes bistro, factory outlet, mall, shopping center, traditional market and other places.

About culture in Bandung, many culture here. The famous is Angklung which is made by “Mang Udjo” or the place is “Saung Angklung Mang Udjo”. Other likes Jaipongan (traditional dance), Benjang (traditional performing), “wayang golek” (wooden puppet), “tarung derajat” (traditional fighting) and many more.

Education in Bandung is so famous; many famous universities like ITB, Unpad (University of Padjajaran), Maranatha University, STT Telkom, IIP, UPI, etc. Beside that Bandung produces students who have good quality.

1. The passage is about a … of Bandung.

       A. character                                                               

       B. definition                                                             

       C. clarification

       D. profile

       E. location

        2.  Which of the following statements is not true about Bandung?

       A. Bandung has 26 districts

       B. Bandung has about 17.767 hectares.

       C. Bandung is located on 107⁰ BT and 6⁰  55’ LS.

       D. The birthday of Bandung is September 25^th

       E.  In 2004 Bandung has 2.510.982 people.

        3.  Beside that Bandung produces students who have good quality. 
             (par. 5, line 5).

       The opposite of the underlined word is…

       A. creates                                                                  

       B. makes                                                                   

       C. destroys

       D. fabricates

       E. constructs
  4.  Which of the followings is not a culture of Bandung?
       A. Angklung
       B. Jaipongan
       C. Benjang
       D. Wayang kulit
       E. Tarung derajat 
   5. The purpose of the text is to........readers about Bandung
       A. entertain
       B. persuade
       C. explain
       D. retell
       E. describe 

Text 2

Jakarta

Jakarta is the capital of the Republic of Indonesia. It has a population of six million, the largest of any urban center in Southeast Asia. It is located on the alluvial plain of the Ciliwung River in northwestern Java. The city is coextensive with its metropolitan area, Jakarta Raya, and forming a special capital region. The city has expanded from the Kota, or Old City, and now includes the modern port of Tanjung Priok.

The majority of the city’s residents are Muslims from west, central, and east Java. In the last 30 years, heavy in-migration, primarily from the densely populated rural areas of Java, has accounted for much of the rapid growth. Jakarta is the major industrial and commercial center in Indonesia, with textiles and food processing among its more important industries.

Jakarta’s port is the nation’s center of Indonesia. The Museum of Indonesia Culture houses both domestic and overseas flights.

Jakarta is also the cultural center of Indonesia. The Museum of Indonesia Culture houses both ancient and modern works of art.

The University of Indonesia and nine private universities are located there.

Jakarta was settled as a trading center by Hindus and Buddhist from India about 5^th century. The Portuguese dominated the area in the 14^th century, but they were ousted by the Sultan of Bantam in 1527. He named the city Jayakarta, meaning “glorious fortress”.

1. The following are the statements about Jakarta, except:

    A. It is the cultural center of Indonesia

    B. It is the capital of the republic of Indonesia

    C. It is dominated by the residents of Moslems

    D. It  is the center for Hindus and Buddhist activities

    E. It is the largest of any urban center in Southeast Asia

2. ….they were ousted ……….(the last paragraph). 

     The word “They” refers to ….

     A.Portuguese

     B. Jakarta people

     C. Hindus and Buddhist

     D. University of Indonesia

     E. Nine private universities

3. The purpose of the text above is to …. about Jakarta

    A. inform

    B. retell

    C. entertain

    D. describe

    E. explain

4. The city has expanded from the Kota,…(paragraph 1)

    The opposite of the underlined word is ….

    A. broadened

    B. extended

    C. widened

    D. narrowed

    E. developed
5. The majority of Jakarta's population are probably from 
    the following places, except: ....
    A. Magelang
    B. Semarang
    C. Bandung
    D. Surabaya
    E. Yogyakarta